MBA FINANCE : MBA FINANCE : Money Market v/s Capital Market

MBA FINANCE : MBA FINANCE : Money Market v/s Capital Market: MBA FINANCE : Money Market v/s Capital Market :                              Difference between Money Market and Capital Market The relat...

MBA FINANCE : Financial System

MBA FINANCE : Financial System: Introduction: Economic growth and development of any country depends upon a well-knit financial system. Financial system...

MBA FINANCE : Strategic Management

MBA FINANCE : Strategic Management: What is Strategic Management? Discus the need and characteristics of Strategic Management. Strategic Management consists of analys...

MBA FINANCE : Money Market v/s Capital Market

MBA FINANCE : Money Market v/s Capital Market:                              Difference between Money Market and Capital Market The relationship between the money market and capital ma...

Strategic Management

What is Strategic Management? Discus the need and characteristics of Strategic Management.

Strategic Management consists of analysis, decisions, and actions an organization undertakes in order to create and sustain competitive advantages. This definition captures two main elements that go to the heart of field of Strategic Management.

Definitions

Strategy is a central understanding of the strategic management process.

Strategy is the determination of basic long-term goals and objectives of an organisation.

Determining the courses of action to attain the predetermined goals and objectives.

Identify factors in the political and social environment that requires careful monitoring.

Allocating the necessary resources for implementing the course of action.

Set a clear direction.

Enterprise knows its strengths, and weakness compared with those of its competitors. 

The competitive firm should have a rational, clear-headed notion purged of wishful thinking of its mission, its external competitive environment, and its internal capabilities.


Needs 

To develop measures to judge whether a particular opportunity is a rare one or whether much better ones are likely to develop in the future.

To utilize the delay principles that is delay the commitment until and opportunity is on hand.

To have rules to guide the search for new opportunities both inside and outside of the firm.

To identify develop and exploit potential opportunities.

To save time, money and executive talent.

To have an assurance that the firm's overall resource allocation pattern is efficient. 

Characteristics 

Reference :Strategic management ensure that strategic is put into action,implementation is done through action plans. 

Long-term implication :Strategic management is not concerned with day-to-day operation.It has long-term implications.It deal with vision,mission and objective.

Uncertain :Strategic management deals with future-oriented non-routine situation.They create uncertainly.Managers are unaware about the consequences of their decisions.

Fundamental :Strategic management is fundamental for improving the long-term performance of the organization.

Complex :Uncertainly brings complexity for strategic management.Managers face environment which is difficult to comprehend.External and internal environment is analysed.

8P's of Service Management

Integrated Service Management & Eight Components or 8P's of Service Management

Service Marketing derives its concepts and applications from several important areas of management like organizational theory, economics, quality management, human resource management, operation management, marketing and other business practices, service management is meant to attain certain objectives.

 Objectives

To understand how total quality is perceived by the customer while using or consuming a certain offering which might be purely service or a combination of service and a tangible goods, that is to understand the utility itself and how services or its combination contribute to this utility which ultimately affects customer relationship and changes which takes place over time.

To ensure functioning of the organization so that the required utility or quality is achieved and the objectives of the parties involved are met.

To understand how the organization should be managed and developed so that the desired utility or quality is achieved. 

Key elements or Characteristics 

It is an overall management perspective, which should guide decisions in all areas of management.

Managing quality is an integral part of service management.

It is customer driven or market driven 

Internal development of the personnel and reinforcement of its commitment to company goals and strategies are prerequisites for success.

8P's of Service Management  

Product and Element 

What is the product, what comes packaged with it, what need does it fulfill? Obviously, this is the central point of your marketing, but are you marketing a single product or your whole company’s range of stock or services. This needs to be pinned down first before any further planning can be decided upon.

Place and Time

 Tells the customer timescales, how long it get a item or complete a job, where you located can impact the customer relationship, as can be method of delivery of goods. Speed is essential in the modern  world, but people wait for the quality of the good, if they know why they are waiting for that's worth waiting for.

Process

Successful companies have a strong work processes upholding good quality of service. A poor process will leads to a poor user experience, and negative exposure to. Showing potential customer this strength as a marketing strategy creating trust, and suggests a good user experience which will, hopefully,only be reinforced by their actual experience.

People

Customers judges the quality of the service they receive based on the assessment of the nature of interaction taking place between them and service employees. The nature of theses interactions strongly influences the customers perception of the service quality. front line staff strongly impacts the perception and experience of the customer. They are the face of the company. 
 

Productivity and Quality    

Productivity relates to how inputs are transformed into outputs that the valued by customers whereas quality refers to the degree to which a service satisfies customers by meeting their needs, wants and expectation.Both these elements are strategically inter-related and must be treated collectively. The customer look for the best quality with the best supply best product and the procured fairly at the lower cost.

Physical Evidence 

The environment surrounding a business can have a huge impact on people perceptions.
well maintained, clean and pleasant workplaces or organized help to the efficient view of your service.

Promotion and Education 

This component plays a lead role.Promotion and Education - speaks for itself, but the marketer must make sure communications not only provide information, but also persuade the customer of the service's relevance to the customer's particular 'problem'.

 Productivity and Quality

 Improving productivity is a requisite in cost management; but quality, as defined by the customer, is essential for a service to differentiate itself from other providers.

Scope, concepts and 4I's of Service Marketing

Scope, concepts and 4I's of Service Good and Service Categorization

Introduction

The world economy nowadays is increasingly characterized as a service economy. This is primarily due to the increasing importance and share of the service sector in the economies of most developed and developing countries. In fact, the growth of the service sector has long been considered as indicative of a country’s economic progress.

Economic history tells us that all developing nations have invariably experienced a shift from agriculture to industry and then to the service sector as the main stay of the economy.

This shift has also brought about a change in the definition of goods and services themselves. No longer are goods considered separate from services. Rather, services now increasingly represent an integral part of the product and this interconnectedness of goods and services is represented on a goods-services continuum.

Definitions

"Service is an identifiable, intangible activity that is the main object of a transaction designed to provide want of satisfaction to the customers"

Service include " All economic activities whose output is not a physical product or construction, is generally consumed at the time it is produced and provides added value in forms (such as convenience, amusement, timeliness, comfort or health) that are essentially concerns of its first purchaser.

The American marketing association defines services are " Service are activities, benefits or satisfaction which are offered for sale and provided in connection with the sale of goods".

Service are "Economic activities that produce time, place, form and psychological utilities".

Concept

The core offerings of hospitals, hotels, banks, public utility services transportation services etc.  comprise primarily deeds and actions performed for the customers, such action or deeds or performance are referred to as services.

V.A.Zeithaml. describes service as "Deeds processes and performances".

 4I's of Service Good and Service Categorization



Intangibility
Services are inherently experiential.  They will typically involve some sort of accompanying product, also known as the facilitating good; however, the primary value to the consumer is intangible

Inconsistency
Service delivery is prone to inconsistency.  The most successful service brands will often invest heavily in training and quality control programs in an attempt to reduce inconsistency.

Inseparability
In addition to being intangible, a service is also inherently inseparable from the service delivery vehicle.  It involves a necessary ‘touch point’ with the customer that is necessarily linked to the service itself.

Inventory
Although services may be linked to a facilitating good, inventory associated with a service is perishable.

 

SEBI Guidelines for Merchant Bankers

                                   What is Merchant Bank

Introduction :

Merchant banking is the direct, negotiated investment of private money into privately or publicly held companies by financial institutions or professional investors. The investors make private placements of equity and, in return, receive private stock that is not registered with financial regulators for trading on an exchange. In a way, they are becoming financial partners of the companies.

Merchant banking has been statutorily brought within the framework of the "Securities and Exchange Board of India".

Definition :

Any person who is engaged is the business of the issue management either by making arrangements selling, buying or subscribing to the securities of manager, consult adviser, or one rendering  corporate advisory service in the relation to such activities to the management. 

Guidelines for  merchant  banking :

A merchant banker will require authorization by SEBI to carry out the business.

SEBI has classified the merchant bankers into four categories based on the nature and range of the activities and the responsibilities.  

Category I:  It consists of  merchant bankers who carry on the business of issue management which consists of preparation of issue management which consists of preparation of prospectus, determining the financial structure, tie-up of the financiers and final allotment/refund of subscription and  to act in the capacity of managers, advisors or consultants to an issue, portfolio manager and underwriter. 

 Minimum networth required is  Rs. 1 crore.

Category II: It consists of those authorized  to act in the capacity of co-manger/advisor, consultant underwriter to an issue.

 The Minimum networth required is Rs. 50 Lakhs.

Category III: It consists of those authorized to act  as underwriter, advisor or consultant to an issue.

 The Minimum networth  required is Rs. 20 Lakhs.

Category IV: It consists of Merchant Banker who act as advisor or consultant to an issue.

 There is no Minimum networth required.

Every merchant banker should maintain copies of balance sheet,Profit and loss account,statement of financial position 

Half-yearly unaudited result should be submitted to SEBI

SEBI has been vested with the power to suspend or cancel the authorization in case of violation of the guidelines

Every merchant banker shall appoint a ‘Compliance Officer‘ to monitor compliance of the Act

SEBI has the right to send inspecting authority to inspect books of accounts,records etc… of merchant bankers

Inspections will be conducted by SEBI to ensure that provisions of the regulations are properly complied.

An initial authorization fee,an annual fee and renewal fee may be collected by SEBI.

A lead manager holding a certificate under category I shall accept a minimum underwriting obligation of 5% of size of issue or Rs.25 lakhs whichever is less